In this particular topic you have learned Data link control that deals with the design and procedures for communication between two adjacent nodes: node-to-node communication. Data link control functions include framing, flow and error control, and software-implemented protocols that provide smooth and reliable transmission of frames between nodes. If you skip the summary visit Data Link Control .
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- In Go-Back-N ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the receive window must be _____.
- A) 1
- B) 15
- C) 16
- D) 31
- In Go-Back-N ARQ, if frames 4, 5, and 6 are received successfully, the receiver may send an ACK _______ to the sender.
- A) 6
- B) 7
- C) 5
- D) any of the above
- The Stop-And-Wait ARQ, Go-Back-N ARQ, and the Selective Repeat ARQ are for ______ channels.
- A) noiseless
- B) noisy
- C) either (a) or (b)
- D) neither (a) nor (b)
- The _________Protocol, adds a simple error control mechanism to the _______Protocol.
- A) Selective Repeat ARQ; Go-Back-N ARQ
- B) Go-Back-N ARQ; Stop-and-Wait
- C) Stop-and-Wait ARQ; Stop-and-Wait
- D) none of the above
- In PPP, the ________ is responsible for establishing, maintaining, configuring, and terminating links.
- A) PAP
- B) CHAP
- C) LCP
- D) NCP
- HDLC is an acronym for _______.
- A) Half-duplex digital link combination
- B) Host double-level circuit
- C) High-duplex line communication
- D) High-level data link control
- In Selective Repeat ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the receive window must be _____.
- A) 1
- B) 15
- C) 16
- D) 31
- In Go-Back-N ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the send window must be _____.
- A) 1
- B) 15
- C) 16
- D) 31
- In Stop-and-Wait ARQ, the acknowledgment number always announces in ______ arithmetic the sequence number of the next frame expected.
- A) modulo-m
- B) modulo-2
- C) modulo-4
- D) none of the above
- In Selective Repeat ARQ, if 5 is the number of bits for the sequence number, then the maximum size of the send window must be _____.
- A) 1
- B) 15
- C) 16
- D) 31
- _______ control refers to a set of procedures used to restrict the amount of data that the sender can send before waiting for acknowledgment.
- A) Flow
- B) Error
- C) Transmission
- D) none of the above
- In the Go-Back-N Protocol, if the size of the sequence number field is 8, the sequence numbers are in ________ arithmetic,
- A) modulo-256
- B) modulo- 8
- C) modulo-2
- D) none of the above
- ______ control refers to methods of error detection and correction.
- A) Flow
- B) Error
- C) Transmission
- D) none of the above
- In a Go-Back-N ARQ, if the window size is 63, what is the range of sequence numbers?
- A) 1 to 63
- B) 1 to 64
- C) 0 to 63
- D) 0 to 64
- Both Go-Back-N and Selective-Repeat Protocols use a _________.
- A) sliding window
- B) sliding frame
- C) sliding packet
- D) none of the above
- In _________, the configuration is balanced. The link is point-to-point, and each station can function as a primary and a secondary.
- A) ARM
- B) ABM
- C) NBM
- D) NRM
- Byte stuffing means adding a special byte to the data section of the frame when there is a character with the same pattern as the ______.
- A) trailer
- B) flag
- C) header
- D) none of the above
- The ______ Protocol has neither flow nor error control.
- A) Selective-Repeat ARQ
- B) Go-Back-N ARQ
- C) Stop-and-Wait
- D) Simplest
- The most common protocol for point-to-point access is the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), which is a _________protocol.
- A) byte-oriented
- B) bit-oriented
- C) character-oriented
- D) none of the above
- For Stop-and-Wait ARQ, for 10 data packets sent, _______ acknowledgments are needed.
- A) less than 10
- B) more than 10
- C) exactly 10
- D) none of the above
- _________framing uses two categories of protocols: character-oriented and bit-oriented.
- A) Standard
- B) Fixed-size
- C) Variable-size
- D) None of the above
- _______ control refers to a set of procedures used to restrict the amount of data that the sender can send before waiting for acknowledgment.
- A) Flow
- B) Error
- C) Transmission
- D) none of the above
- In a ________ protocol, the data section of a frame is a sequence of characters.
- A) bit-oriented
- B) character-oriented
- C) either (a) or (b)
- D) none of the above
- In _______ framing, there is no need for defining the boundaries of frames.
- A) standard
- B) fixed-size
- C) variable-size
- D) none of the above
- The _______Protocol has both flow control and error control.
- A) Stop-and-Wait
- B) Selective-Repeat ARQ
- C) Go-Back-N ARQ
- D) both (b) and (c)
- In _________, the station configuration is unbalanced. We have one primary station and multiple secondary stations.
- A) ARM
- B) NBM
- C) NRM
- D) ABM
- In a _________ protocol, the data section of a frame is a sequence of bits.
- A) bit-oriented
- B) byte-oriented
- C) either (a) or (b)
- D) none of the above
- In ________ framing, we need a delimiter (flag) to define the boundary of two frames.
- A) standard
- B) fixed-size
- C) variable-size
- D) none of the above
- High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) is a _______ protocol for communication over point-to-point and multipoint links.
- A) byte-oriented
- B) bit-oriented
- C) character-oriented
- D) none of the above
- Bit stuffing means adding an extra 0 to the data section of the frame when there is a sequence of bits with the same pattern as the ________.
- A) trailer
- B) flag
- C) header
- D) none of the above
- In the _________Protocol, if no acknowledgment for a frame has arrived, we resend all outstanding frames.
- A) Go-Back-N ARQ
- B) Selective-Repeat ARQ
- C) Stop-and-Wait ARQ
- D) none of the above
- The Simplest Protocol and the Stop-and-Wait Protocol are for ______ channels.
- A) noiseless
- B) noisy
- C) either (a) or (b)
- D) neither (a) nor (b)
- The _______Protocol has flow control, but not error control.
- A) Selective-Repeat ARQ
- B) Stop-and-Wait
- C) Simplest
- D) Go-Back-N ARQ
- In Stop-and-Wait ARQ, we use sequence numbers to number the frames. The sequence numbers are based on __________arithmetic.
- A) modulo-m
- B) modulo-2
- C) modulo-4
- D) none of the above
- In the _____ Protocol, the sender sends its frames one after another with no regard to the receiver.
- A) Simplest
- B) Selective-Repeat ARQ
- C) Stop-and-Wait
- D) Go-Back-N ARQ
- _________control in the data link layer is based on automatic repeat request, which is the retransmission of data.
- A) Flow
- B) Error
- C) Transmission
- D) none of the above
- In PPP, _______ is a three-way hand-shaking authentication protocol in which the password is kept secret; it is never sent online.
- A) PAP
- B) LCP
- C) NCP
- D) CHAP
- In PPP, ________ is a simple authentication procedure with a two-step process:
- A) CHAP
- B) PAP
- C) LCP
- D) NCP
- In the _________ protocol we avoid unnecessary transmission by sending only frames that are corrupted.
- A) Selective-Repeat ARQ
- B) Stop-and-Wait ARQ
- C) Go-Back-N ARQ
- D) none of the above
- In ________ protocols, we use ________.
- A) byte-oriented; bit stuffing
- B) bit-oriented; bit stuffing
- C) character-oriented; bit stuffing
- D) none of the above
- In the _____ Protocol, the sender sends one frame, stops until it receives confirmation from the receiver, and then sends the next frame.
- A) Simplest
- B) Stop-and-Wait
- C) Selective-Repeat ARQ
- D) Go-Back-N ARQ
- Stop-and-Wait ARQ is a special case of Go-Back-N ARQ in which the size of the send window is ___.
- A) 1
- B) 2
- C) 8
- D) none of the above
- ARQ stands for _______.
- A) Acknowledge repeat request
- B) Automatic retransmission request
- C) Automatic repeat quantization
- D) Automatic repeat request
- _______ in the data link layer separates a message from one source to a destination, or from other messages going from other sources to other destinations.
- A) Controlling
- B) Framing
- C) Digitizing
- D) none of the above
- Data link control deals with the design and procedures for ______ communication.
- A) node-to-node
- B) process-to-process
- C) host-to-host
- D) none of the above
- In _________ protocols, we use ________.
- A) bit-oriented; character stuffing
- B) character-oriented; bit stuffing
- C) character-oriented; byte stuffing
- D) none of the above
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